Fbangois van eysselbeeghe



(N0 Model.) P 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

MEANS FOR PREVENTING INTERFERENCE IN COMBINED TELEGRAPHIO AND TELEPHONIG SYSTEMS.

No. 323,239. Patented July 28, R1885.

UNITED STATES FRANQOIS VAN nrssn'nnnncnn, or SGHAERBEEK, BELGIUM.

MEANS FOR PREVENTING INTERFERENCE IN COMBINED TELEGRAPHIC AND TELEPHONIC SYSTEMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,239, dated July 28,1885.

Application filed January 24, 1884. (No model.) Patented in Germany August 14, 1883, No. 27,272; in Belgium November 16, 1883; in France November 16, 1883; in England November 23, 1883, No. 5,503; in Luxemburg December 8, 1883; in Italy December 31, 1883; in Portugal January 18, 1884; in Canada January 24, 1884, No. 18,547; in India January 29, 1884; in Sweden February 12, 1&84; in Spain April 23, 1884; in Denmark June 18, 1884; in Brazil July 5, 1884 in Argentine Republic July 19, 1884; in Austria September 13, 1884, and in Uruguay December 12, 1884.

T 0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANooIs VAN RYssnL- BERGHE, a Belgian subject, residing at Schaerbeck, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphic and Telephonic Apparatus, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in the following countries: Belgium, November 16, 1883; France, November 16,1883; Germany,August14, 1883, No.27,272; Great Britain, November 23, 1883, N 0. 5,503; Italy, December 31, 1883; Austria, September 13, 1884; Canada, January 24, 1884, N o. 18, 547 Portugal, January 18, 1884; Spain, April 23, 1884; Luxemburg, December 8, 1883; India, January 29, 1884; Brazil, J uly5, 1884; Argentine Republic, July 19, 1884, and Uruguay December 12, 1884,) of which the following is a specification.

In patents heretofore granted to me I have covered the principle of sending telegraphic and telephonic messages over the same line wire or wires by using for telegraphic pur poses currents which rise gradually to their maximum strength, and likewise diminish gradually, and being of such character exert no inductive action upon neighboring wires, so that parallel or adjoining wires can be employed for the transmission of telegraphic and telephonic messages; and, furthermore, when such gradual currents are resorted to, a singleline wire can be used for simultaneously sending telegraphic and telephonic messages, the currents employed for such double transmission not interfering with each other, and the gradual telegraphic current, whether primary, induced, or derived, being imperceptible or inaudible in the telephone by virtue of the fact that a current Whose emission and extinction is gradual loses the power of vibrating the diaphragm of the telephone-instrument, and only slightly bends such diaphragm without producing sound. r

In my prior patents the purpose has been to obviate the effects of telegraphic induction, and to use the same line wire or wires for simultaneous telcgraphy and telephony. In the present instance I provide means for overcoming telephonic induction and preventing the hearing of telephonic conversation exchanged on adj oiniug or parallel wires; and I also make a telephonic circuit complete by always using two wires or conductorsnamely, a going and a return wireand the arrangement and combination of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram View representing the arraugement of a telegraphinstrument, current graduator, double line wires, \Vheatstone bridge, and telephone separated from the line-wires by condensers. Fig. 2 is a diagram view showing the arrangement of several telegraph stations with currentgraduating devices and double-line wires and branch wires containing telephone instruments. Fig. 3 represents a telegrapho-telephonic system in which differential inductioncoils are employed. Fig. 4 represents another arrangement of double-line wires and telephone-stations. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the differential or three-wire inductioncoils.

Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral 1 designates a telegraph key or manipulator. 2 is the electro-magnet of a telegraph-receiver, and 3 is the battery connected with the earth and instrument by the wire 4. In this wirc,between the battery and instrument, is introduced an electro magnet, 5, the resistance of which should never be less than five hundred ohms; or any suitable resistance of the same capacity can replace the electro magnct. The object of such electro-magnet is to effect the sending to the main line of a current which rises grad ually toits maximum strength and then decreases gradually to its extinction, which is in accordance with the mode of operation and leads to the telegraph-instrument. A wire, 13, in derivation of the line-wires 6 7, contains a telephone-instrument, 14, and is separated from said line-wires by means of 1 stone bridge can always be maintained at the same potential for all currents emitted by the manipulator 1, or for all currents of equal inintensity made to pass in the same direction upon the line wires 6 7.

In the described arrangement the telephone is not influenced either by the direct gradual telegraphic currents or by induced or derived currents acting simultaneously upon the two line wires, 6 7. Furthermore, telephonic conversation can be carried on by the double wires j ust as if the telephonic system alone existed, and the telegraphic and telephonic stations can thus be kept entirely distinct and separate. 7

The arrangement or system shown in Fig. 2 is specially adapted for rapid telegraphs, and consists of the main line wires or conductors 6 7 ,which are connected at the terminals with the branch circuits or diagonals 8 9 of Wheatstone bridges, these branch circuits being in turn again united by wires 12, leading to ordinary telegraph stations 13 13, or instruments devoid of means for rendering the emission and extinction of the currents gradual. The line-wires 6 7 are connected by branch wires 13, in which are introduced telegraphinstruments 25 25, having means for sending gradual currents, such means comprising in the present instance the electromagnet 15, located between the battery 3 and the manipulator 1, the electro-magnet 18, introduced into the branch wire 13 between the manipulator and the main line, and the condenser 19, arranged between the two magnets, 15 18, and also in derivation of the main line. Such arrangement of devices for producing gradual telegraphic currents is not herein claimed, since it forms the subject-matter of a separate application for patent. Telephone instruments are also introduced into branch lines 21 of the main conductors 6 7, and in these branch lines are also located condensers 22, which serve to separate the telephones from the main lines. In other words, one of the faces of each condenser is connected with the telephone and the other with the mainline wires.

In the branch circuits of the VVheatstone bridge are placed resistances 23.

It is evident that in the arrangement just described the telegraphstation 13, which corresponds with the other station, 13, does not contain in its circuit either an electro-magnet or a condenser for interfering with a rapid transmission of messages. The currents which are thus not made gradual are prevented from being heard in the telephone T by virtue of the principle of the \Vheatstone bridge, since the introduction of the resistances therein, and the separation of the branch lines from the main lines by magnets and condensers, will prevent the currents from the station 13 from interfering with the telegraph working with gradual currents. In other words, the operation of the telegraph 13 does not affect the telephone or interfere with the perfect operation of the gradual-current telegraph. The telegraph 25, working with gradual currents, does not affect the telephone, for the reason that such currents merely bend the diaphragm and do not vibrate it, whereby the well-known telegraphic rattle is avoided. Furthermore, the instrument 25, which corresponds with the instrument 25, does not interfere either with the operation of the station 13 or 13, .which is due to the well-known principle of the WVheatstone bridge.

In the system shown in Fig. 3 I make use of the combination of a three-circuit induction-coil, 26 27 28, and a telephone, 29, with two telegraphic instruments or stations, having means for sending gradual currents to line, as has already been explained in connection with Fig. 2. The induction-coil is composed of three circuits, as follows-viz., two primary circuits, 26 27, connected at their extremities with the earth, as is seen at 30, and through the intermediate separating-condensers, 31 32, with the wires 6 7, forming a couple or double conductors, a single secondary current, 28, having one terminal led to the earth,

as is seen at 33, and the other connected with a wire, 36, in derivation of an ordinary tele-' phone station or instrument, 29.

In a telegraphic point of view the wires 6 7 non-effect of the instrument 38 upon the instrument 30. The discharge of the condenser 31 cannot affect the diaphragm of the telephone 29 in any other waythau to merely bend it, because at the point where the condenser is connected with the wire all potential variations are graduated. It should be stated that if the connection were made with the line terminal of the telegraph-key, or if the condenser 19 and electromagnets 1518 were absent, the telegraphic current would affect the diaphragm. Such a result is avoided by the arrangement shown, because the condenser 31 is in derivation at a point where all potential vaiations are graduated, so that said condenser can only keep gradual charges and give gradual discharges. It will be observed that by the presence of the three-circuit inductioncoil, serving here as a translator, the two wires 6 7 form, by the wire 6, condenser 31, induction-coil 26 27, condenser 32, and wire 7 a telephonic circuitin which all telephonic currents are completely transmitted by the induction of the coil 26 and 27 on the coil 28 and the telephonic line. The induction'coil is made by winding the secondary-circuit wire upon a soft-iron core, 40, and placing upon said core the primary coils 41 42, which can be adjusted or made to slide upon said core. The terminals of the secondary coil 43 are connected, respectively, with the earth 44 and with the telephonic station at 45, and the terminals of the primary circuit are connected jointly by the wires 46 with the earth 47, and separately by the wires 48 49 with the telegraph-lines 6 7, condensers intervening between such lines and the induction-coil, as has already been explained.

In the construction of induction-coil represented by Fig. 5, two induction-coils are placed at right angles to each other and connected in such a manner that the primary circuits 48 49 will give the quantity of current, and the secondary circuits 5O 51 the proper tension. In this arrangement the terminals 52 53 of the secondary coils united by the wire 56 are connected, respectively, with the telephonic station 54 and the earth 55, while the terminals of the primary circuits are connected by the wires 57 with the line-wires 6 7, and by the wires 58 with the earth 59. The soft iron cores in this arrangement are movable, so that they can be inserted more or less into the coils; and even if the two coils are identical they may be caused to exert an equal action.

The employment of a three-circuit induction-coil, arranged as above set forth, is particularly useful when the telegraph-instruments are very delicate and highly sensitive; but when an ordinary Morse or other not very sensitive telegraph is used, then the work can be accomplished without resorting to the above-described induction-coil, the two terminals of the telephone being then connected directly with the two telegraph wires, and one or more condensers being employed, as is shown by the numerals 64, 65, and 66 in Fig. 4.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 it is assumed that the two telegraph-wires constituting the double conductor terminate, respectively, in the two localities where the telephone is to be used. This, however, is not absolutely necessary when the system shown in Fig. 4 is resorted to. In this figure the numerals 6 and 7 denote two telegraphwires connected with any kind of telegraph systems orinstruments capable of sending currents of the same strength over the two-line wires; and,whatever may be the origin and destination of said wires, they run parallel between the localities or telephone-sections 60 and 61. At each station electro-magnets 62 63, of at least five hundred ohms resistance, are introduced into the line-wires 6 7, and inderived or branch lines 64 of said line-wires, at points between the electro-magnets 62 63, are placed telephoneinstruments 65, which are separated from the line-wires by condensers 66 of half a microfarad. Branch or derived lines 67, disposed at points beyond the electro-magnets 62 63, contain condensers 68 of two microfarads, and these branch lines 67 are placed in communication with the earth 7 O by wires 69, as is seen in said Fig. 4.

The purpose of the condenser 68 (shown in Fig.4)is to carry to the ground all induction and other noises, since it is evident that all noises coming from the point X of the line-wires will not pass through theelectro-magnets 62 63 of five hundred ohms resistance, but will go directly to the ground; second, it will be apparent that the condensers 68 and electromagnets serve as graduating devices for the primary currents coming from the sendingstation Xand going to the receiving-station Y.

The telegraph apparatus employed contains only an electro-magnet of five hundred ohms resistance between the battery and manipulator, which, together with the condenser 68 and magnet 62 or 63, makes a complete graduator of the currentsnamely, two electro-rnagnets, with a condenser in derivation between the same. It is also to be observed that the magnets 62 63 prevent the passage of the telephone-current in the wrong direction.

What I claim is 1. In a system for the simultaneous transmission of telegraphic and telephonic currents or messages, the combination, with telegraphinstruments and devices for rendering gradual the emission and extinction of the telegraphic currents, of two telegraph-line wires or conductors, and a telephone connected with sa line-wires, the latter forming a complete telephonic circuit, substantially as described.

2. In a system for the simultaneous transmission of telegraphic and telephonic currents or messages, the combination, with telegraphinstruments, and devices for rendering gradual the emission and extinction of the telegraphcurrents, of an induction-coil having its two primary circuits connected with two telegraphline wires and the earth, and the terminals of the secondary circuit in communication with a telephone and the earth, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

F. VAN RYSSELBERGHE.

\Vitnesses:

W. PRoDHoMMn, AnoLPrI STEIN. 

